The role of motor processes in mental rotation: selective shaping of cognitive processing via specific sensorimotor experience

The involvement of motor processes in mental rotation is experience-dependent: different levels of expertise in sensorimotor interactions lead to different strategies in mental rotation. In the present study, wrestlers, gymnasts, and nonathletes physically rotated objects that were either light (wooden) or heavy (lead) but otherwise having the same sizes and shapes. They then performed a mental rotation task using photographs of these objects in which the material and therefore the weight was visible. I hypothesized that wrestlers would rely more heavily on experience-based sensorimotor strategies in performing mental rotation because during their athletic practice they not only manipulate external “objects” (i.e., their opponent) but also have to plan future actions taking into account past experience of these “objects” (for example their weight). All participants reported that lead objects were harder to physically rotate than wooden ones. However, only wrestlers mentally rotated lead objects more slowly than wooden ones—as they would if they were physically rotating them—suggesting the involvement of motor processes. These findings show that the involvement of motor processes in mental rotation depends on specific rather than mere sensorimotor experience.     

基于云纹干涉与钻孔法的等离子热障涂层残余应力实验研究

应用云纹干涉法与钻孔法结合的光测力学实验方法,研究了等离子热障涂层基体材料镍基高温合金DZ125的残余应力。通过实验和计算获得了等离子喷涂工艺下基体DZ125的残余变形场、残余应变场和残余应力,并描述了其主要特征。结果表明,采用云纹干涉法与钻孔法结合测定热障涂层残余应力具有全场测量和高灵敏度等优点,这对于采用光学手段研究热障涂层残余应力有着积极的意义。     

不锈钢管板小群孔加工技术

分析了不锈钢管板加工的难点,介绍了机床和钻头的选择及优化切削参数,获得较好的技术经济效果.     

基于构架和构件复用的飞机自动钻铆开放式数控系统

针对当前轻型自动装配系统数控系统开发过程中周期长、稳定性差的问题,提出一种基于构架和构件复用的开放式数控系统,可实现软件复用,降低开发成本和周期.结合EtherCAT工业以太网和Ethemet技术进行了钻铆系统的集成,并在单机器人自动钻铆系统和双机器人自动钻铆系统上进行了验证,验证系统可行.     

柔性工装及自动化装配设备在大型飞机装配中的运用

大型飞机的大尺寸、高要求的特点为其装配过程带来了不少的困难，国外大型飞机装配多采用柔性装配工装与自动化装配设备完成其装配过程。本文分析了国外大型飞机装配中所运用的先进技术手段与国内飞机制造业的现有基础，并为国内大型飞机的装配提出切实可行的建议。     

C/SiC复合材料螺旋铣削与钻削制孔效果对比

采用PCD刀具对C/SiC复合材料螺旋铣削与钻削制孔的制孔效果进行了对比研究。在同等加工效率条件下测量了两种制孔方法产生的切削力及切削热,并观察制孔质量。试验结果表明:螺旋铣孔产生的轴向力小于钻孔,约为钻孔的56.9%;孔壁粗糙度及孔径差均小于钻削;钻孔产生的切削热少于螺旋铣削制孔,约占螺旋铣的58.7%,但螺旋铣产生的切削热对材料及刀具的影响小。     

The role of radial perpendicular diffusion and latitude dependent acceleration along the solar wind termination shock

A numerical model, based on Parker’s transport equation, describing the modulation of anomalous cosmic rays and containing diffusive shock acceleration is applied. The role of radial perpendicular diffusion at the solar wind termination shock, and as the dominant diffusion coefficient in the outer heliosphere, is studied, in particular the role it plays in the effectiveness of the acceleration of anomalous protons and helium when its latitude dependence is changed. It is found that the latitudinal enhancement of radial perpendicular diffusion towards the heliospheric poles and along the termination shock has a prominent effect on the acceleration of these particles. It results in a ‘break’ in the energy spectrum for anomalous protons at ∼6.0 MeV, causing the spectral index to change from E^−1.38 to E^−2.23, but for anomalous helium at ∼3.0 MeV, changing the spectral index from E^−1.38 to E^−2.30. When approaching the simulated TS, the changes in the modulated spectra as they unfold to a ‘steady’ power law shape at energies below 50 MeV are much less prominent as a function of radial distances when radial perpendicular diffusion is increased with heliolatitude.     

Self-similar stochastic processes in solar wind turbulence

Solar wind data is used to estimate the autocorrelation function for the stochastic process x(τ) = y(t + τ) − y(t), considered as a function of τ, where y(t) is any one of the quantities B²(t), n_p(t)V²(t), or n_p(t). This process has stationary increments and a variance that increases like a power law τ^2γ where γ is the scaling exponent. For the kinetic energy density and the proton density the scaling exponent is close to the Kolmogorov value γ = 1/3, for the magnetic energy density it is slightly larger. In all three cases, it is shown that the autocorrelation function estimated from the data agrees with the theoretical autocorrelation function for a self-similar stochastic process with stationary increments and finite variance. This is far from proof, but it suggests that these stochastic processes may be self-similar for time scales in the small scale inertial range of the turbulence, that is, from approximately 10 to 10³ s.     

网格计算在工业过程控制中的应用前景

网格计算是一种新兴的解决大规模复杂问题的应用技术,充分利用现有资源提供高性能的计算能力。现在的生产过程越来越向大规模复杂化方向发展,过程控制需要新的控制模型和控制方法来解决这些问题。但现有的计算能力无疑又限制了控制技术的应用,将高性能的网格计算运用到过程控制当中可以提高控制模型和控制算法的计算速度,也将大大提高其控制品质和应用范围。     

陶瓷基复合材料超声辅助加工技术

陶瓷基复合材料具有优良的力学性能以及突出的耐高温、轻质等特性,在航空航天等领域具有广阔的应用前景.但由于高硬脆性特点,陶瓷基复合材料加工难度较大.诸多研究表明,超声辅助加工技术是一种相对合适的加工方法,与普通机械加工相比可有效降低切削力、改善加工质量等.对发展较为成熟的Cf/SiC、SiCf/SiC两种陶瓷基复合材料的超声辅助钻削/磨削加工技术研究进展进行了介绍,分析了其中存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策.